Tales as old as time 鈥� yet we still love them

Rachel Sauer — Fri, 04 Apr 2025 15:36:10 +0000

Tales as old as time 鈥� yet we still love them Rachel Sauer Fri, 04/04/2025 - 09:36

Rachel Sauer

With yet another Snow White adaptation currently in theaters, CU 小蓝视频 scholar Suzanne Magnanini reflects on the enduring appeal of fairy tales

Once upon a time鈥�this time, in fact, and many of the ones that came before it鈥攖here was a story that never grew dull in its telling.

It possibly leaped the porous cultural and national borders of narrative, carried by caravans or ships or ethernet cables and planted in the ready imaginations of successive generations of story lovers鈥攖hose who tell them and those who hear them.

Maybe it鈥檚 the story of a young person who ventures into the unknown, where they encounter magic and beasts of all sizes and a resolution specific to the tale鈥檚 time and place. Maybe there really even are fairies involved.

Suzanne Magnanini, a CU 小蓝视频 associate professor of Italian and chair of the Department of French and Italian, notes that fairy tales' malleability helps them remain fresh and relevant over centuries of retellings.

And we never seem to tire of hearing about them.

The recent theatrical release of Disney鈥檚 live-action Snow White鈥攐ne of countless retellings of the tale over more than 400 years鈥攈ighlights the place of honor that fairy tales occupy in cultures around the world and in the hearts of people hearing them for the first time or the thousandth.

One of the reasons they remain fresh through countless years and iterations is their malleability, says Suzanne Magnanini, a University of Colorado 小蓝视频 associate professor of Italian and chair of the Department of French and Italian. 鈥淭he Italian author Italo Calvino, who also edited a seminal collection of Italian folktales, writes of fairy tales as being like a stone fruit, where you have that hard core center that is always the same鈥攜ou鈥檒l usually recognize a Sleeping Beauty story, for example鈥攂ut the fruit can be radically different around that.鈥�

Stories of time and place

As a researcher, Magnanini has published broadly on fairy tales, including her 2008 book Fairy-Tale Science: Monstrous Generation in the Fairy Tales of Straparola and Basile. She began studying fairy tales while working on her PhD, finding in them a fascinating dovetailing between her interests in monstrosity and otherness.

鈥淎s a scholar, I take what鈥檚 called a social-historical approach,鈥� she explains. 鈥淚鈥檓 really interested in all those little details that link a tale to a very precise place in time where it was told, and I鈥檝e written about the ways in which fairy tales are used to elaborate on and think about scientific theories of reproduction that hadn鈥檛 really been nailed down at the time鈥攓uestions that were still being circulated about whether humans could interbreed with animals, for example, and would that produce a monstrous child?

鈥淵ou look at a some variations of Beauty and the Beast, like Giovan Francesco Straparola鈥檚 story of a pig king, where it鈥檚 a magical version of these questions, and maybe what鈥檚 actually happening is that fairy tales are a way to think through the anxieties and interests of the time.鈥�

Fairy Tales at CU 小蓝视频

The ATU Index is one of the search elements that Suzanne Magnanini and her students are including as they develop the database for Fairy Tales at CU 小蓝视频. The project aims, in part, to improve access and searchability of the more than 2,000 fairy tale collections that are part of the Rare Books Collection at Norlin Library.

The project is a partnership between undergraduates and graduate students under the direction of Magnanini and Sean Babbs, instruction coordinator for the University Libraries' Rare and Distinctive Collections, as well as Hope Saska, CU Art Museum acting director and chief curator, who has trained students in visual-thinking strategies. The project is supported by Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program, the ASSETT Innovation Incubator, the President鈥檚 Teaching 小蓝视频s Program and the University Libraries.

Fairy Tales at CU 小蓝视频 will host a showcase of CU's fairy tale collection from 3:30 to 4:45 p.m. April 16 in Norlin Library M350B. Learn more here.

Though fairy tales may be spun in response to what鈥檚 happening in a specific time and place, they also often address concerns that aren鈥檛 specific to one location or culture but are broadly pondered across humanity. 鈥淎ndrew Teverson has written that fairy tales are literature鈥檚 migrants because they can move across borders, they can move across boundaries and then make themselves at home and assimilate to a certain extent in different cultures,鈥� Magnanini says.

For example, the Brothers Grimm heard a tale called 鈥淪neewittchen鈥� (Snow White) from folklorist Marie Hassenpflug, as well as from other sources, and included it as tale No. 53 in their seminal 1812 Grimm鈥檚 Fairy Tales. However, says Magnanini, there was a similar tale called 鈥淭he Young Slave鈥� in Giambattista Basile鈥檚 1634 work Pentamerone. In fact, Snow White is type 709 in the Aarne鈥揟hompson鈥揢ther Index (ATU Index), which catalogs and describes common motifs and themes in fairy tales and folklore around the world.

Not so happily ever after

The origins of many fairy tales can be traced as far back as ancient Greece, Rome and China, Magnanini says, which speaks to their ability not only to help people of particular times and places explore their anxieties and questions, but to address the feelings that have been central to the human condition almost since our species emerged from caves.

鈥淲hen I think about fairy tales, I think about number of characteristics that make them really appealing across time and space,鈥� Magnanini says. 鈥淚f you think about it, the protagonists are almost always young people heading out into the world鈥攎uch like our students are heading out鈥攍eaving home behind, having to make their way in world, facing challenges. That experience can be very transformational, so in a way these stories are all about metamorphosis and change.

鈥淎 lot of times that鈥檚 when you鈥檙e living your life in Technicolor and all the emotions are new. So, even if you鈥檙e no longer in that moment of life, fairy tales tap into experiences like the first falling in love, the first adventure from home. And they often end right after the wedding, so you don鈥檛 see someone having to do their taxes or being like, 鈥極h, my god, I鈥檝e been in this relationship for 30 years and I鈥檓 bored.鈥� I think part of the reason we don鈥檛 get tired of fairy tales is because they capture this fleeting time in life.鈥�

鈥淚f you think about it, the (fairy tale) protagonists are almost always young people heading out into the world鈥攎uch like our students are heading out鈥攍eaving home behind, having to make their way in world, facing challenges," says CU 小蓝视频 scholar Suzanne Magnanini. (Photo: Disney Studios)

While fairy tales, particularly as they鈥檝e been interpreted and simplified by Disney, are stereotyped as having 鈥渁nd they lived happily ever after鈥� endings, fairy tales pre-Disney more commonly ended with justice served, Magnanini says. For example, the version of 鈥淪now White鈥� in the 1812 Grimm鈥檚 Fairy Tales ends with the evil queen being forced to step into a pair of red-hot iron shoes and dance until she dies.

鈥淎 lot of people will say, 鈥極h, it鈥檚 the happy ending that鈥檚 the appeal of fairy tales,鈥� but it鈥檚 important to remember the vast majority of fairy tales end with the deliverance of justice鈥攕omething really unjust has happened, someone has been discriminated against, there鈥檚 some evil in the world, and justice is delivered,鈥� Magnanini explains. 鈥淧eople who study the formal aspects of fairy tales always talk about how the 鈥榟appy ending鈥� is found in justice.

鈥淒isney Studios has a tendency to remove the ambiguity from these tales and remove most of the violence鈥攕implifying them in a lot of ways. If you read the French version of Beauty and the Beast, Charles Perrault鈥檚 version, there were other siblings in there; there was a complex family structure with complex interactions and a lot of really heavy issues鈥攖he family must deal with economic disaster.鈥�

In fact, the field of fairy tale scholarship addresses everything from feminist interpretations of the stories to the ways in which children use fairy tales to help navigate psychosexual rites of passage. Generations of authors have told and continue to retell these familiar stories through different lenses of gender, sexuality, geography, racial identity, economic status and many, many others.

鈥淲hat makes these stories different, and what I think is a big part of the appeal of fairy tales, is the magic or the marvel,鈥� Magnanini says. 鈥淔or it to be a fairy tale, scholars would say there has to be magic in there鈥攏ot just the presence of magic, but magic that facilitates the happy ending by allowing the protagonist to overcome whatever obstacles are in the way of what they desire, maybe the marriage, the wealth, the happy ending. There鈥檚 something so satisfying about that, because it doesn鈥檛 happen in your quotidian day-to-day life. I mean, imagine if you met a talking deer.鈥�

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With yet another Snow White adaptation currently in theaters, CU 小蓝视频 scholar Suzanne Magnanini reflects on the enduring appeal of fairy tales.

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That iconic flag-raising on Iwo Jima? CU prof, then a Marine, saw it happen

Rachel Sauer — Fri, 21 Feb 2025 14:30:00 +0000

That iconic flag-raising on Iwo Jima? CU prof, then a Marine, saw it happen Rachel Sauer Fri, 02/21/2025 - 07:30

Bradley Worrell

CU 小蓝视频 distinguished professor and Marine veteran Richard Jessor reflects on what the planting of the U.S. flag on Mount Suribachi Feb. 23, 1945, meant for the country and for him personally

Eighty years later, Richard Jessor vividly recalls hitting the beach on Iwo Jima on Feb. 19, 1945.

鈥淭he island had been under severe bombardment from U.S. aircraft and our Navy ships offshore,鈥� says Jessor. 鈥淏oth types of bombardment had been going on for quite some time, and the sense was that Iwo Jima could be taken in three or four days because nothing could have survived such a massive bombardment from American forces.鈥�

The first three waves of Marines landed on the beach without taking enemy fire.

Richard Jessor, a CU 小蓝视频 distinguished professor emeritus of behavioral science, was a 20-year-old Marine fighting World War II on Iwo Jima in February 1945.

鈥淏y the time we in the fourth wave hit the beach, the Japanese鈥攚ho were concealed, waiting for us鈥攑ulled their artillery out of the caves and had every inch of the beach registered, so when our tractor hit the beach, we were under severe fire,鈥� recalls Jessor, then a 20-year-old Marine. 鈥淥ur tractor got stuck at the beach edge and could not move us up, so we jumped out of the tractor into the water.

鈥淎s I hit the beach, I looked over and there was a Marine lying on his back, a bubble of blood coming out of his mouth. He died there, and that was my first exposure to combat.鈥�

Jessor was hit in the back by shrapnel during the first day ashore but was able to continue fighting. After four days of fighting, he and his company were pulled back from the front line and told they could write one letter.

He wrote a letter to his parents, thanking them for everything they had done for him. He also said his goodbyes, 鈥渂ecause I didn鈥檛 think anyone was going to get off the island alive,鈥� he says, explaining, 鈥渢here was carnage all of the time, every day, and you felt every day that it was going to be your last day.

鈥淲e were constantly being fired upon by the Japanese, who would come to the openings of their caves and fire, and then withdraw, so we didn鈥檛 see the enemy, and that was a huge source of frustration,鈥� he adds. As it turned out, the Japanese had heavily fortified the island and had a dense network of tunnels from which they could launch attacks.

The flag raised atop Mount Suribachi

Back on the line the morning of the fifth day, Jessor looked at the opposite end of the island to see something in the distance atop Mount Suribachi, the dominant geographical feature on Iwo Jima.

鈥淎s I looked, I suddenly saw the American flag flying. I couldn鈥檛 see anything else that was that far away, but I saw the flag flying and I started shouting, 鈥楾he flag is up! The flag is up!鈥欌€� he says. 鈥淭he other Marines around me began turning around to look. Seeing that made us realize that our rear was now being covered, because we had been under attack from behind as well as in front.

鈥淔or me, it was a moment of being able to say to myself, 鈥楳aybe I will get out of this alive,鈥欌€� he adds. 鈥淚n that sense, it was transformative for me, and I remember it well.鈥�

Richard Jessor (second from right) and his buddies taking a break behind the line while serving in World War II. (Photo: Richard Jessor)

The flag raising lifted the spirits of the Marines on the island, and later it did the same for a war-weary American public at home, when the image of Marines raising the flag was captured by Associated Press photographer Joe Rosenthal. Rosenthal won the 1945 Pulitzer Prize for photography, and the photo is one of the most recognizable images of World War II.

Jessor says the photo symbolized the Marines鈥� perseverance in the face of one of the bloodiest battles of the war, and it helped shape the public鈥檚 sentiment that victory in the Pacific was at hand. However, it also may have inadvertently created a false impression among the public, he says.

鈥淪ome people may think that when the flag went up the island was secure鈥攁nd that was absolutely not the case,鈥� Jessor explains. 鈥淲hen the flag went up, on day five, we still had 31 more days of fighting鈥攁nd most of the casualties took place after the flag raising. Close to 7,000 Marines were killed in the 36-day battle.鈥�

Meanwhile, as the Marines advanced, they sometimes came across the bodies of dead Japanese soldiers, whom they searched for souvenirs. Marines were particularly interested in Japanese 鈥済ood luck flags,鈥� which bore well wishes from friends and family and which were often tied around soldier鈥檚 waist.

鈥淥ne morning, when I looked out my foxhole, I saw a dead Japanese soldier. I walked over to him to see whether he had a flag under his shirt, and as I bent over, I saw he had letters in his shirt pocket,鈥� presumably from his family, he says. 鈥淲ell, I had letters from family in my pocket鈥�and suddenly I was struck by the fact that in so many ways we shared the same humanity. I couldn鈥檛 blame him any more than I could blame myself for being in the same situation. It gave me pause about how stupid it was to be engaged in this kind of activity (war).鈥�

An epiphany amidst combat

Jessor called that moment an epiphany. He made two vows then and there: that he would never go to war again and that he would go on to do something meaningful with his life.

First, though, he had to get off the island alive.

His next challenge came a few days later, when he was ordered to take a Japanese soldier captured at the front lines under his guard to the beach, where interpreters could question the prisoner about the placement of weapons facing the Marines.

Richard Jessor (holding the Japanese "good luck flag") and buddies from the 4th Marine Division during the battle of Iwo Jima. (Photo: Richard Jessor)

鈥淎s I said, there was a great deal of frustration that we could not see the enemy we were fighting, so I anticipated there could be some attempts on my prisoner as I started walking him back through the rear lines,鈥� Jessor recalls. 鈥淎s we got through the rear of the lines, where our artillery was, a Marine jumped up, running toward me and my prisoner, saying, 鈥業鈥檓 going to kill that son-of-a-bitch.鈥�

鈥淚 had to point my rifle at his head and say, 鈥業 have orders to shoot anybody who touches my prisoner,鈥� and so he stopped and finally backed off. And the same thing happened a second time before I got the prisoner to the beach and turned him over to command headquarters,鈥� he says.

鈥淎s I鈥檝e ruminated these 80 years, I鈥檓 not sure whether I would have shot that fellow Marine if he had not desisted from his threat, and it worries me that I might have done that.鈥�

Finally, the objective is achieved

After 36 days, the Marines secured Iwo Jima. A short time later, U.S. aircraft were able to use its runway, which鈥攃ombined with the island鈥檚 proximity to the Japanese mainland鈥攎ade it a strategic military objective.

鈥淐apturing Iwo Jima had immediate consequences for the approach to Japan,鈥� Jessor says. 鈥淲hat was happening was that our bombers were leaving from Saipan or Tinian, and some of those bombers would get hit over Japan and not be able to make it back, so they would have to ditch in the sea, and many were lost. So, the fact Iwo Jima had a landing strip on it was important for that reason, as well as serving as a base for the projected attack on Tokyo.鈥�

But the victory came at a tremendous cost to the Marines.

鈥淲e were destroyed. As I said, almost 7,000 Marines were killed on that island,鈥� Jessor says. The scale of the loss was on display when Jessor and fellow Marines retraced their steps to the landing beach, which was arrayed with crosses where Marines were temporarily buried after falling in combat.

The Marines were shipped back to their training grounds in Maui for their next mission鈥攖he planned invasion of Japan.

They spent their days practicing landing craft invasions. At night, Jessor says he and a few of his fellow Iwo Jima veterans would gather in their tent to relive details of the battle, which he believes had a cathartic effect.

Jessor also recalls being on Maui when the United States dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

鈥淲hen the bomb dropped, we all thought it was a great thing,鈥� he recalls. 鈥淲e were saying to each other, 鈥楴o more war! We get to go home!鈥欌€�

Among Richard Jessor's mementos from Iwo Jima are a deactivated Japanese hand grenade he took home from the battle and a jar containing black sand from the beach where he landed. (Photo: Glenn Asakawa/CU 小蓝视频)

However, in retrospect, as the scale of the death and destruction in those cities became known, Jessor says he reevaluated his opinion about that fateful decision. At the same time, Jessor says he developed a deep disdain for politicians who were so easily willing to put American troops in combat.

鈥淭hey talk about it like it鈥檚 a game,鈥� he says. 鈥淭hey haven鈥檛 the slightest sense of what combat is like and what it does to people and the destruction it causes. Even for the many people who survive the experience, their lives are changed forever.鈥�

After the war

After he was discharged, Jessor made good on his promise to himself to make a difference for the better. After earning his doctorate, in 1951 he accepted a position as an assistant professor of psychology at CU 小蓝视频.

During his ensuing 70 years at CU 小蓝视频, he co-founded and later directed the Institute of Behavioral Science (its building was recently renamed in his honor); wrote an influential report in January 1970 critiquing the lack of diversity on campus and making suggestions for positive changes; wrote a report in the 1960s that took the CU Board of Regents to task for being unresponsive to students and faculty, which earned him the ire of former Regent Joe Coors; and wrote 10 books. He retired as a distinguished professor in 2021, which makes him the university鈥檚 longest-serving professor.

Like many World War II veterans, Jessor rarely spoke of his experiences during the war, even to close friends and his own family. That changed for him after he saw the World War II movie Saving Private Ryan, which opens with a scene of American soldiers storming the beaches of Normandy, France, under intense fire from German soldiers.

鈥淎s a trained clinical psychologist, I didn鈥檛 want to share my experiences with others, so I didn鈥檛 talk much about having been a Marine,鈥� he says. 鈥淎nd then one day, my wife, Jane, and I were in Aspen. It was raining, so we couldn鈥檛 go hiking, so instead we went to the movies and saw Saving Private Ryan.

鈥淭he Steven Spielberg-directed movie was the real thing,鈥� he says. 鈥淲hen the invasion scenes start at the beginning, I was sobbing, and the tears were running down my face. And while that was happening, I鈥檓 saying to myself, 鈥榊ou鈥檙e a psychologist and you didn鈥檛 know that you still had this inside you?鈥� And obviously, I didn鈥檛.

鈥淭he movie brought it all back to me, and so I began talking about it from that point on.鈥�

鈥淚 don鈥檛 ever want to forget that experience, because it strengthened me in many ways. Sometimes I would say to myself, 鈥業f I can get through Iwo Jima, I can get through anything.鈥� But in other ways, it reminds me what war is all about and what has to be done so they don鈥檛 happen anymore.鈥�

Jessor had hoped to return to Iwo Jima last year. The National World War II Museum in New Orleans offered to cover all expenses for him and his wife to attend a Pacific war theater travel lecture tour series it offers to patrons, which was to include a visit to Iwo Jima. However, the island is open to visitors only one day a year, and volcanic activity on the island at the time resulted in the tour being cancelled. Noting his age鈥攈e is 100鈥擩essor says he鈥檚 unsure he will ever have the opportunity to return to the island, despite his strong desire to do so.

Reflecting on the past

These days, Jessor keeps some mementos on his work desk to remind him of his time on Iwo Jima: a deactivated Japanese hand grenade he took home from the battle and a jar containing black sand from the beach where he landed. The jar of sand was given to him by a friend who visited the island in 2002.

鈥淪ometimes I鈥檓 barely aware they are there, and then other times I鈥檒l look over and see the grenade or the vial of sand and it all comes back to me. It鈥檚 a reminder that I value a great deal,鈥� he says.

鈥淚 don鈥檛 ever want to forget that experience, because it strengthened me in many ways. Sometimes I would say to myself, 鈥業f I can get through Iwo Jima, I can get through anything.鈥� But in other ways, it reminds me what war is all about and what has to be done so they don鈥檛 happen anymore.鈥�

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CU 小蓝视频 distinguished professor and Marine veteran Richard Jessor reflects on what the planting of the U.S. flag on Mount Suribachi Feb. 23, 1945, meant for the country and for him personally.

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Racing for climate action at 18,000 feet

Rachel Sauer — Thu, 05 Dec 2024 15:14:08 +0000

Racing for climate action at 18,000 feet Rachel Sauer Thu, 12/05/2024 - 08:14

Rachel Sauer

Invited by the king of Bhutan, CU 小蓝视频 PhD student Clare Gallagher completed the 109-mile Snowman Race to bring attention to the realities of climate change

Usually when Clare Gallagher runs 100 miles, she does it all at once鈥攁 day that鈥檚 alternately punishing and exhilarating and at the furthest boundaries of what her body can do.

The 109-mile Snowman Race was different. It spanned five days across the Himalayas and saw 16 of the most elite ultramarathoners from around the world traversing multiple mountain passes approaching 18,000 feet.

Clare Gallagher (left) was invited by Bhutanese King Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck to run the 109-mile Snowman Race ultramarathon. (Photo: Snowman Race)

鈥淎s far as ultramarathons go, it was not that crazy a distance鈥攚e were doing about a marathon a day,鈥� Gallagher explains. 鈥淏ut it took so, so long because these mountains are just so high. We started in Laya (Bhutan), which is about 13,000 feet in elevation, and went up from there.鈥�

Gallagher, a PhD student in the University of Colorado 小蓝视频 Department of Environmental Studies and the Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR), was invited by the king of Bhutan to participate in the 2024 Snowman Race held at the end of October. It was the second time the race was held鈥攁n event envisioned by Bhutanese King Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck to draw international attention to the stark realities of climate change in Bhutan and around the globe.

鈥淥nce we actually got there and were literally on top of these glaciers, I could see his point,鈥� Gallagher says. 鈥淗is goal is for international trail runners like myself to help share the story of what we saw, and what I saw is that the glaciers are melting.鈥�

Running 100 miles

Before she vividly learned that a journey of 100 miles begins with a single step, however, Gallagher was simply a girl who liked to run. She ran track as an undergraduate at Princeton and kept running in Thailand, where she moved after graduating to teach English. While there, she signed up for the inaugural Thailand Ultramarathon almost on a whim and ended up winning.

Learn more

Read more about Clare Gallagher's experiences in Bhutan in an essay she wrote for Outside magazine.

The races she entered grew in length, and in 2016, at age 24, she ran the Leadville Trail 100 for the first time and won. 鈥淚 had been reading Outside magazine, and I always looked up to some of the women who preceded me (in ultramarathons),鈥� Gallagher says.

鈥淚 thought they were really badass, and trail running seemed a lot more interesting than track鈥擨鈥檇 gotten really burned out in undergrad, but to race in a beautiful mountain environment, in places that are so remote, really appealed to me.鈥�

Clare Gallagher (front row, far left in purple shirt) and 15 ultramarathon colleagues from Bhutan and around the world completed the five-day Snowman Race. (Photo: Snowman Race)

She won the 2017 Ultra-Trail du Mont-Blanc CCC, setting a course record, and went on to win the 100-mile Western States Endurance Run in 2019, the Black Canyon 100K in 2022 and the Leadville 100 again, also in 2022. She was invited to run the inaugural Snowman Race in Bhutan that year, but she鈥檇 started her PhD program, and her schedule couldn鈥檛 accommodate the training.

When she was invited to the second Snowman Race in 2024, despite still being in graduate school, she eagerly accepted. The 16 participants were evenly split between Bhutanese and international runners, 鈥渁nd the Bhutanese runners destroyed us,鈥� Gallagher says with a laugh.

鈥淭he physiology of running at altitude is pretty fascinating. A lot of the literature is finding that aspects of this ability are genetic, so if you don鈥檛 live at these altitudes and if you can鈥檛 afford to be acclimating for a month, your experience is going to be really different. It鈥檚 probably the gnarliest race I鈥檝e ever done, and I got wrecked by altitude. People thought I might do well because I鈥檓 from Colorado鈥攁nd I was using an altitude tent beforehand a little bit, but I was also taking my PhD prelims and didn鈥檛 want to be sleeping in it. So, I got destroyed.鈥�

She did, most importantly, finish the race, and the slower pace she adopted in acquiescence to the altitude allowed her more time to look around.

鈥楶lease send our message鈥�

The Snowman Race course follows the historic, high-altitude Snowman Trek route, beginning in Laya and ending in Chamkhar, and summitting a series of Himalayan passes鈥攖he highest of which is 17,946 feet.

"My experiences in Bhutan reminded me that I also feel a lot of hope and a lot of motivation to do what I can do, and smile while I鈥檓 at it," says Clare Gallagher (foreground, running in Bhutan), a CU 小蓝视频 PhD student in environmental studies. (Photo: Snowman Race)

鈥淥n day three we were up almost to 18,000 feet, and I鈥檓 walking and kind of sick with altitude, but I still had never felt the immensity of what I felt in the Himalayas,鈥� Gallagher says. 鈥淭he race route goes really close to glaciers well over 18,000 feet, and I鈥檝e honestly never felt so scared. I could tell these glaciers were melting and the sun was so hot.

鈥淭he story of Bhutan is that these glaciers are melting at a much faster rate than predicted and are then creating these big alpine lakes that break through their levy walls or moraines and flood villages. We ran through one of these most at-risk villages鈥攊t takes seven days to get there by horse鈥攁nd the people who live there don鈥檛 want to be forced to move. So, they were saying, 鈥楶lease send our message back to your countries, we鈥檙e scared of our glaciers obliterating us.鈥欌€�

And even though her PhD research focuses on plastic pollution in oceans, 鈥渆ven the issue of plastic pollution was apparent up there,鈥� Gallagher says. 鈥淭he interconnectedness of our world became so, so apparent up there. A piece of plastic trash up there is going to degrade really fast because of the high altitude and super harsh alpine environment, and then all those chemicals are going to go downstream. There鈥檚 not ton of trash in Bhutan, but plastic pollution is still a part of this story.鈥�

She adds that Bhutan, like many smaller nations, is vulnerable to the impacts of climate change despite having one of the smallest carbon footprints on the planet, and she rues that it takes runners from western nations flying there鈥攁nother carbon-intensive activity鈥攖o draw attention to the seriousness of climate change.

鈥淎 really surprising take-home from this journey was how spiritual the experience was,鈥� Gallagher says. 鈥淎ll of my fellow Bhutanese runners were praying at mountain passes, and any time there was a meditative stupa, they were stopping and praying to the mountain deities, thanking them for safe passage.

鈥淚 really do feel there鈥檚 some connection between caring for this planet and each other and all the plants and animals on this planet. I feel like that reverence is something I鈥檝e been missing in my work as an environmentalist. The phrase 鈥榗limate change鈥� has taken on an almost corporate flavor, but in Bhutan things aren鈥檛 emails or PowerPoints or slogans, they鈥檙e real. Climate change is not just a phrase; it means melting glaciers. So, I鈥檓 interested in taking that depth and reverence for the land and living things and beings and asking, 鈥極K, what are our problems here in Colorado? What are our challenges?鈥欌€�

A hazard of the field in which she鈥檚 immersed is extreme climate anxiety, and Gallagher says she鈥檚 worked to focus day-to-day on 鈥渢aking care of what I can take care of and acknowledging my present. My experiences in Bhutan reminded me that I also feel a lot of hope and a lot of motivation to do what I can do, and smile while I鈥檓 at it. I feel a lot of gratitude for being alive at this time in history and asking, 鈥榃hat are we going to do with this moment?鈥欌€�

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Invited by the king of Bhutan, CU 小蓝视频 PhD student Clare Gallagher completed the 109-mile Snowman Race to bring attention to the realities of climate change.

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Top photo: Clare Gallagher runs the Snowman Race in Bhutan. (Photo: Snowman Race)

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